MONITORING YEAR 2025

ASPECT	MONITORING ELEMENTS	MONITORING RESULT
ECOLOGICAL	FAUNA
	Composition and changes in fauna	Wildlife Monitoring   Baseline information was collected in 2015 on the ecological status of mammal and avifaunal species, along with recommendations for their management. Since the initiation of the wildlife monitoring programme in 2019 through to 2025, a total of 40 mammal species from 19 families and 28 avifaunal species from 17 families have been recorded in the Gaat-Mengiong FMU. As of 2025, no new species recorded within the FMU area, however, a total of 171 wildlife records were documented by the monitoring team. Macaca fascicularis was the most frequently recorded mammal species, while Buceros rhinoceros was the most commonly sighted avifaunal species within the FMU.
	FLORA
	Growth rates, regeneration of the forest and condition of the forest	Permanent Sample Plots (PSP)   A total of 14 PSPs have been established as of 2025, consisting of 10 existing PSPs and 4 newly established PSPs. Re-assessment was carried out on 4 existing PSPs. Information on growth rates is currently limited due to re-assessment being available for only 4 PSPs, which does not provide a sufficient dataset for comprehensive evaluation.
	Composition and changes in flora	Pre-inventory data is available for Coupe 03B. The family Dipterocarpaceae was the most abundant and dominant across all 10 older PSPs, with 1374 individuals recorded, representing 30.61% of the total trees enumerated. This was followed by Euphorbiaceae and Myristicaceae with 746 (16.62%) and 201 (4.48%) individuals respectively. Other tree families represented by more than 100 individuals included Burseraceae, Fagaceae, Lauraceae, Malvaceae, Myrtaceae and Rubiaceae. The four newly established PSPs have yet to be compiled and summarised, and are therefore not included in the above summary.
ENVIRONMENT	Harvesting impacts	No harvesting impact evaluation has been conducted to date, as harvesting operations for Coupe 03B commenced in 2024 and are still ongoing. Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) inspections were conducted in several harvesting blocks to assess compliance with the requirements. Harvesting operations were found to be in compliance with the prescribed RIL guidelines. No significant findings or encroachment activities were observed.
	Environmental monitoring impact and compliances	The first Environmental Compliance Audit (ECA) in Gaat-Mengiong FMU was conducted in August 2025 as a mandatory regulatory instrument to enforce and verify Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) practices.
	Yield of all forest product	Production activities for Coupe 03B commenced in January 2024. The total production recorded for Coupe 03B for the year 2025 was 11,231.8004 m³. Out of 32 blocks, 13 blocks were successfully harvested in 2025.
	Cost and productivity of forest management	The actual expenditure for the year 2025 has been prepared.
	Efficiency of forest management	Harvesting activities for Coupe 03B were carried out from January 2024 onwards and remained ongoing during the reporting period. A total of 13 blocks were successfully harvested in 2025. An evaluation of the pre-felling inventory (100% enumeration) data and production from the harvested area was conducted at the end of the year.
	LOCAL COMMUNITIES
SOCIAL	Social impact	Consultation with members of the Community Representative Committee (CRC) of Gaat-Mengiong FMU and Forest Management Certification Liaison Committee (FMCLC) meeting was conducted in March 2025 to provide updates on FMU activities and operations. Awareness briefings were delivered covering forest management certification, social impact assessment, high conservation value forests (HCVF) and wildlife management. Requests from local communities, whether submitted through letters or made verbally, for the maintenance and repair of roads have been addressed and acted upon by the FMU management. No formal complaints were received throughout the year 2025. As of 2025, a total of two (2) members from Rh. Sepulau local community have been employed by Ballinwood Resources Sdn. Bhd. Priority is given to local community members for employment opportunities, subject to their qualifications and the availability of suitable job vacancies.
	Forest protection	Patrolling activities were conducted on a continuous basis throughout the year 2025 to prevent encroachment within the FMU area. No encroachment cases were recorded during the year 2025.
	FOREST WORKERS
	Occupational Safety and Health Committee	No accidents were recorded throughout the year 2025. Site inspections covering the workplace, administrative building and staff quarters were carried out quarterly in 2025.